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Under the irresistible impulse test, what must be proven for a defendant to be found not guilty due to insanity?

  1. The defendant was unaware of the consequences of their actions

  2. The defendant could not control their actions at the time

  3. The defendant had a history of mental illness

  4. The defendant was influenced by others

The correct answer is: The defendant could not control their actions at the time

The irresistible impulse test focuses on whether a defendant was able to control their actions at the time of the offense. This test determines that if a person, due to mental illness, is unable to restrain themselves from committing an act, they may be found not guilty by reason of insanity. This implies that the defendant understands the nature of their actions but is unable to conform their conduct to the requirements of the law due to their mental state at the moment of the crime. Therefore, proving that the defendant could not control their actions directly addresses the core requirement of the irresistible impulse test for establishing insanity. The other options, although potentially relevant to an overall assessment of the defendant's mental state or history, do not specifically address the key element of control, which is central to the irresistible impulse test.